When conversations turn to heart health, the focus is often on familiar topics like blood pressure, cholesterol numbers and exercise routines. While these factors are important, another powerful influence is at work — one that is often overlooked, especially in women. Behind the scenes, hormones quietly shape how the heart and blood vessels function.
Hormones like estrogen, cortisol and testosterone are more than mood regulators or reproductive messengers. They play an important role in how blood vessels relax, contract and adapt to the body’s needs. When hormones are in balance, the vascular system remains flexible and resilient. When that balance is disrupted, it can increase the risk of cardiovascular concerns over time.
PROTECTIVE HORMONES AND THE FEMALE HEART
Hormonal shifts have a particularly strong impact on women’s heart health. Estrogen, for example, offers important protection by helping keep the inner lining of blood vessels smooth and relaxed. This flexibility allows blood to flow more easily and supports healthy circulation.
During menopause, when estrogen levels naturally decline, changes can occur. Blood vessels may become stiffer; cholesterol levels may shift, and the heart may have to work a little harder. These changes do not happen overnight, but they gradually can affect cardiovascular health if left untreated.
While testosterone often is regarded as a “male hormone,” women also rely on small amounts to support muscle strength, energy levels and fat distribution. When hormone levels become imbalanced, inflammation can increase, placing added stress on the blood vessels. When hormones are working in harmony, they help protect the heart and vascular system from early wear and tear.
STRESS, CORTISOL AND EVERYDAY LIFE
Another key hormone tied closely to heart health is cortisol, commonly known as the stress hormone. In short bursts, cortisol is helpful. It prepares the body to respond to challenges. However, many women juggle demanding schedules, caregiving roles, careers and family responsibilities, often leaving little time for rest.
Chronic stress keeps cortisol levels elevated, signaling the body to stay in a constant state of alertness. Over time, this can cause blood vessels to tighten and blood pressure to rise, increasing strain on the heart. Left unchecked, prolonged stress may contribute to lasting vascular damage.
SUPPORTING HORMONAL BALANCE NATURALLY
The good news is that small, consistent habits can go a long way toward supporting hormonal and heart health. Many of these practices fit naturally into everyday routines:
- Prioritize sleep: Quality rest allows the body to regulate hormones and repair itself. Aim for seven to nine hours of sleep each night to help keep stress hormones in check.
- Move regularly: Gentle to moderate exercise, like walking, yoga or strength training, supports circulation, balances insulin and helps the body manage stress more effectively.
- Fuel your body well: A diet rich in healthy fats, lean proteins, whole grains and fiber provides the building blocks needed for hormone production and overall vascular health.
LISTENING TO YOUR BODY
Hormonal imbalances often send subtle signals before they become more serious. Persistent fatigue, unexpected changes in blood pressure, trouble recovering after exercise or feeling “off” without a clear reason may be signs that something has shifted internally.
Heart health is about more than numbers on a chart. It is about balance, awareness and long-term care. By paying attention to hormonal health and embracing supportive lifestyle choices, women can protect their hearts through every stage of life.
Dr. Derbes practices cardiology at Ochsner Health Center – Hancock. Contact him at (228) 220-5200 or visit ochsner.org/doctors/lawrence-derbes-md.